Kontrola zawartości tlenu w atmosferze jest niezbędna w wielu dziedzinach życia ludzkiego: w medycynie (np. anestezjologia), w przemyśle (np. górniczym, hutniczym, motoryzacyjnym), podczas procesów spalania, w cieplarniach oraz w zamkniętych pomieszczeniach. Generuje to popyt na sensory tlenu pracujące w zróżnicowanych warunkach. Stosowane obecnie czujniki ceramiczne ZrO₂ pracują prawidłowo w temperaturze powyżej 700^oC. Z kolei organiczne czujniki optyczne mogą być wykorzystane do 80-100^oC. Istnieje zatem zapotrzebowanie na nowoczesne czujniki, użyteczne w temperaturach, w których dotychczasowe rozwiązania nie zdają egzaminu.

W Instytucie Wysokich Ciśnień, w Laboratorium Nanostruktur, skonstruowano prototyp nowoczesnego sensora, w którym wykorzystano zjawisko wpływu stężenia parcjalnego tlenu na właściwości luminescencyjne nanokrystalicznego ZrO₂. Im mniejsza jest koncentracja tlenu w atmosferze, tym większa intensywność luminescencji. Prawdopodobną przyczyną obserwowanego efektu sensorycznego jest zależność gęstości defektów na powierzchni nanocząstek ZrO₂, wzmacniających intensywność luminescencji, od stężenia parcjalnego atomów tlenu w otoczeniu.

Opracowany w Instytucie układ pracuje w zakresie od temperatury pokojowej do 300^oC. Potencjalne możliwości zastosowań czujnika tego typu są jednak znacznie szersze, ponieważ materiał sensora jest stabilny aż do 500^oC. Przypuszczamy również, iż możliwe jest jego wykorzystanie w temperaturach ujemnych. Trwają prace nad optymalizacją i uniwersalizacją naszego rozwiązania, przy czym szczególny nacisk położony jest na jego zastosowania w medycynie i w ochronie życia ludzkiego.

Prace nad optycznym nanokrystalicznym sensorem tlenu realizowane są w ramach projektu ERANET – OXYNANOSEN.

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180. Microwave Driven Hydrothermal Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanopowders
181. Indentation Technique for Determination if Mechanical Behavior of Nanomaterials (Bulk and Coatings)