Textile scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration should take into consideration the effect of its composition and structure on cell function. The scaffolds architecture should initially permit and promote cell colonization, and drive the population towards osteoblastic differentiationn.

The aim of the present study was to develop a textile scaffold as a tissue engineering support in vivo natural tissue regeneration. Monofilament polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide woven fabrics were evaluated in this study by correlating fibre diameter and mesh size to cell proliferation and migration.

In the first series of experiment reaggregates of primary adult trabecular bone derived human osteoblast (HBC), and of human skin fibroblast (NHDF), were used to assess the capacity of the cells population in covering the textile scaffolds as a function of fibre diameter and mesh gap size. In the next part cells were seeded on the mesh scaffolds, and proliferation was assessed using BrdU.

The results obtained in this study strongly suggested that fibre diameter and mesh size influenced cell outgrowth out of reaggregate. Fibres of 42/105 permitted significantly greater extent of reaggregate spreading in comparison to a fibre diameter of 77 µm.However, the cell population response to the physical character of the scaffolds appeared to be cell type dependant.

Future studies will focus on cellmigration and osteoblast differentiation with the overall aim of optimisng mesh chemical composition and most important, physical geometry for enhanced bone cell recruitment.

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