The main function of a tissue engineering scaffolds is to act as a substrate for depozition of cells, and their subsequent growth and proliferation.

The basic requirements for the scaffold material are biocompatibility, degradability, mechanical integrity and osteoconductivity. Novel biodegradable scaffolds made of poly (e-caprolactone) urethane (PCL_PUR) porous matrix and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) were developed and studied for bone tissue engineering.

The scaffolds were prepared by in situ polymerization. Porous structure of the scaffolds was obtained by combining leaching and coagulation techniques, using NaCl with the grain size 250-500 um as a porogen.  An influence of solution concentration on scaffolds structure and properties was evaluated.

The structure and properties of scaffolds were studied by scanning electron microscopy and thermal analyse.  The scaffolds were incubated in a buffered simulated body fluid at 37°C for certain periods of time to allow for apatite formation and potential improvement of  osteoconductivity.
 

Calcium phosphates formation of the apatite layer on three dimensional scaffolds was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy-Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR).  The thermal and mechanical properties of composites were investigated using Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA).

Acknowledgements:

The authors thank Dr Zbigniew Jaegermann from Institute of Glass and Ceramics for supplying us calcium carbonate. This scientific work was funded from the finances for education in the years 2006-2008 as research project no. R1301901

1. POSTER: Fabricationg polyurethane/calcium carbonate composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering, Microsoft Office Document, 0MB

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