Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in using carbonaceous films as the cold electron emitting cathodes in field emission displays (FED) and other field emission devices such as sensors and detectors. Major advantage of using carbonaceous films (e.g. diamond-like, nano-cluster carbon and propose by us carbonaceous films containing metallic nanocrystals) as cold cathodes are: wide temperature operating range; reliable sensing performance; simplicity in fabrication process; flexibility in the choice of substrate; compatibility with silicon microfabrication process and cost efficiency. The use of a catalyst such as Ni enhances the sensor performance (e.g. stability, selectivity and sensivity over a wide range of temperature).
The authors present a new carbonaceous films (containing Ni nanocrystals) obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The films were prepared by evaporation of 'C₆₀/C₇₀' mixture and nickel acetate from two separated sources. The Ni content was changing from 3 to 40 wt % in individual film volume. Such Ni content changes caused the structural, morphological and topographical differences in the films with different Ni content. These properties were studied with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SEED) and Raman spectroscopy. With these methods it was found that Ni nanocrystal size diminishes and fullerenes are decomposed to graphite or amorphous carbon with increasing Ni content.
Electron emissive properties were studied in vacuum diode system where film was placed as a cathode and an anode was a metal tip or metal polished plate. I-U characteristics for these films exhibited that electric field threshold decreases with increasing Ni content.

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