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Composition, structure, surface topography, and electrochemical properties of electrophoretically deposited fullerene films

Wlodzimierz Kutner 1Piotr Pięta 1Robert Nowakowski 1Janusz W. Sobczak 1Zbigniew A. Kaszkur 1Amy Lea McCarty 2Francis D'Souza 2

1. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warszawa 01-224, Poland
2. Wichita State University, Department of Chemistry, 1845, Fairmount, Wichita, KS 67260-0051, United States

Abstract

Fullerene films of controlled surface topography were prepared by electrophoretic deposition from toluene-ethanol mixed solvent solutions. The AFM imaging of the films revealed that the size of the C60 grains in films could be readily controlled both with the time of C60 aggregation in bulk solution before the deposition and strength of the applied dc electric field. The film deposition was monitored by piezoelectric microgravimetry with the use of an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. The mass of the C60 film increased exponentially with the time of deposition. The corresponding decrease of the deposition rate with time was presumably due either to the growth of larger C60 aggregates in solution of lower mobility or blocking effect of the electrode surface by insulating C60 deposits. In the accessible potential window of 0.1 M (TBA)PF6, in acetonitrile, cyclic voltammetry curves for the C60 films featured four cathodic peaks corresponding to four one-electron reductions. Simultaneously recorded multi-scan curves of current, resonant frequency change, and dynamic resistance change vs. potential for a potential range covering the first two electro-reductions (that is the range in which the film was relatively stable with respect to dissolution) indicated pronounced transformations in the film caused by the solvent-assisted dynamic equilibria of ions of the supporting electrolyte. The related to C60 charge in films piezoelectric microgravimetry, XPS, and XRD analyses indicated reversible ingress of both TBA+ counter- and PF6 co-ion into the C60- film.

 

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Related papers

Presentation: Poster at SMCBS'2005 Workshop, by Piotr Pięta
See On-line Journal of SMCBS'2005 Workshop

Submitted: 2005-10-31 18:09
Revised:   2009-06-07 00:44