Silica based sol-gel processed organic-inorganic hybrids are becoming important materials for electrochemical applications due to their easily tuneable properties like functionalisation, immobilisation and encapsulation as well as the different structures of these materials (film, particles, monoliths) [1]. They can be electrodeposited by electrochemical control of pH near the electrode|solution interface [2,3,4]. The generation of H₃O⁺ ions – catalyst of the sol-gel process results in silicate film formation on the electrode surface. Recently, we proposed a three phase junction electrode|organic solvent|aqueous solution for silicate electrodeposition [5]. The electrode is immersed into a container with two immiscible liquids. The organic (unsupported) phase contains the precursor of the sol-gel process. Electrochemical generation of catalyst (H₃O⁺) in the aqueous phase causes hydrolysis of the precursor near the three phase junction and a silicate stripe is formed [5]. It is also well-known that room temperature ionic liquids can be covalently bound to the organic-inorganic hybrids [6] to modify the electrode surfaces.
In this communication a three phase junction microreactor is employed for electrochemically assisted sol-gel ionic liquid appended to mesoporous silicate material strip deposition. The factors affecting preparation and properties of the sol-gel processed materials is presented. The method seems to be compatible with controlled and localised deposition on heterogeneous supports, opening the way to electrochemically driven nanolithography [7]. Accumulation of electroactive anions into a silicate with covalently bonded room temperature ionic liquid strips deposited on an indium tin oxide electrode was studied. The effect was compared with an electrode modified with thin film of confined and an unconfined room temperature ionic liquid.
Acknowledgement Financial support from Ministry of Science and Education (research project N N204 054835) is gratefully acknowledged.
References
[1]    A. Walcarius, D. Mandler, J.A. Cox, M. Collinson, O. Lev, J. Mater. Chem. 15 (2005) 3663.
[2]    R. Shacham, R.; D.Avnir, D.Mandler, Adv. Mater. 11 (1999) 384.
[3]    E. Sibottier, S. Sayen, F. Gaboriaud, A. Walcarius. Langmuir, 22 (2006) 366
[4]    M.M. Collinson, N. Moore, P.N. Deepa, M.  Kanungo, Langmuir, 19 (2003) 7669.
[5]    J. Niedziolka, M: Opallo, Electrochem: Commun., 10 (2008) 1445.
[6]    A. Lesniewski, M. Jonsson-Niedziolka, J. Niedziolka-Jonsson, Ce´cile Rizzi, L. Gaillon, M. Opallo, Electroanal., 21 (2009) 701.
[7]    A. Walcarius, E. Sibottier, M. Etienne, J. Ghanbaja, Nature Mater. 6 (2007) 602.

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