Introduction: Chronic long-term exposure to high levels of fluoride leads to fluorosis, which is manifested by skeletal fluorosis and damage to internal organs, including kidney, liver, parathyroid glands and brain. Studies have shown that excess fluoride can cause DNA damage, trigger apoptosis and change cell cycle. Additional fluoride effect on the body can be superimposed on the effect of lead, which present in the environment still is in excessive amounts and which is known to be a potent inhibitor of many enzymes and factor causing apoptosis. That fore in the present study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) and/or lead (Pb) on development of apoptosis process, vitality and index of proliferation in liver cell line HepG2.

Material and methods: We used hepatocytes from liver cell line HepG2, which were incubated for 48 hr with NaF, Pb and mix (NaF+Pb) and used for measurement of apoptosis, index of proliferation and vitality of cells.

Results: Incubation of hepatocyte cells with NaF or Pb caused increased apoptosis and   this process was enhanced when F and Pb were used simultaneously. Vitality of the cells changes in depends of used compound and its concentration. Index of proliferation slightly increased and next decreased in high fluoride environment, decreased significantly after lead addition in the dose dependent manner, but when they are used together the fluoride abolished the decreasing effect of lead.

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