Human malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic tumor with poor prognosis. The majority of metastatic melanomas are resistant to diverse chemotherapeutic agents. Consequently, the search for novel antimelanoma agents continues. In recent years, the interest in medicinal plants and their biologically active constituents as a source of novel potential drugs significantly increased. Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a naturally occurring compound that has been shown to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells in multiple experimental model systems.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative and cytotoxic influence of inositol hexaphosphate on melanotic melanoma cells in vitro. The A2058 cells used as a model of human skin melanoma malignum were exposed to various concentrations of IP6 (0,1-5 mM) for a various period of time and their growth was determined by sulforhodamine B assay after 24, 48 and 72 h. The cytotoxicity of IP6 was measured at 24 and 72 h by XTT assay.

IP6 has been found to cause dose-dependent growth suppression of A2058 melanoma cells. At low concentrations (0,1 and 0,5 mM) it did not exert any influence on the proliferation of cells as compared to control cultures. Higher concentrations of IP6 (from 1 to 5mM) had a statistically significant, suppressive effect on cell proliferation after 24 hour incubation. When the experimental time period was increased up to 72 h, statistically significant inhibition of cell proliferation was monitored at all IP6 concentrations used. Data obtained from XTT assay indicated that IP6 had dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect on melanoma cells.

The results demonstrated the potent antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties of inositol hexaphosphate in a wide range of concentrations on human A2058 melanoma cells. Hence, it can be suggested that IP6 could have a potential therapeutic significance in treating cancer.

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