Introduction. Metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosanoids, are known to play a significant role in the regulation of renal homeostasis, and are intensively examined in various kidney diseases. However, almost no studies address lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway of AA metabolism during renal transplantation in humans. LOX metabolites (hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids – HETEs, lipoxins and leukotriens) may significantly contribute to graft protection and, paradoxically, to graft rejection.

The aim of this study was to determine, whether succesful renal transplantation, defined by immediate activation of graft function, is accompanied by significant changes in lipoxygenase pathway of AA metabolism.

Materials and methods. 16 renal recipients were included in the study. Blood was taken intraoperatively directly before and in the 1, 3, 5 minute of graft reperfusion. The concentrations of 5-, 12- and 15-HETE were measured using liquid–chromatography (RP–HPLC).

Results. In the first minute of reperfusion the highest concentration of 12-HETE was stated and within the next 5 minutes of reperfusion a significant constant decrease in the concentration of this eicosanoid was observed. Moreover, the highest level of 12-HETE was accompanied by significant decrease in the concentrations of 5- and 15-HETE. The concentrations of 5- and 15-HETE in the third minute of reperfusion increased, and in the fifth minute significantly decreased.

Conclusion. To our knowledge we are first to report, that successful human renal transplantations are accompanied by significant changes in the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. We hypothesize, that precise analysis of HETE changes might be used as a novel clinical marker of severity of I/R injury.

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