High pressure treatment by various type of apparatuses is known to change the microstructure of substances in different ways. Thus, for example, the hydrostatic contraction above phase transition point tends to shredding of some binary compounds into nano-particles. Thermal, mechanical, etc. properties of such inhomogeneous materials depend both on the intrinsic parameters of substances and also on the shape and concentration of particles contained. In present paper the original high pressure apparatuses, recording automated systems, and methods of materials treatment are discussed. The combined technique is able to provide both the various types of pressure treatment and allow to distinguish the physical and geometrical parameters of substances under pressure.
The apparatuses include: the two-layered chambers of piston-cylinder type for hydrostatic pressure up to 2.3 GPa, the solid-media pressure chambers of Bridgman anvils type made from steel, tungsten carbide, tungsten-free titanium hard alloys and synthetic diamond (boron nitride) up to 5, 10 and 30 GPa, and nature diamond (sapphire) anvils The parts of the apparatuses are made from non-magnetic corrosion-resistant titanium alloys. Stationary apparatuses allow to to perform the contraction and to observe the variations of electrical, thermal and volumetric properties during phase transformations, while autonomous ones are used for thermal, electrical magnetic and also for optical, synchrotron and neutron measurements up to 10 GPa. The examples of application of the above technique for treatment and investigation of different classes of semiconductor micro-samples and the molecular crystals are given in the work.

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Gr. No. 01-02-17203 and US Civil Research and Development Foundation (US CRDF), TGP-599, TGP-656.

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