Levels of certain micro and macro minerals in water buffaloes suffering from clinical fluorosis and reared in four fluorosis endemic districts, namely Mansa, Bathinda, Sangrur and Ferozepur of Punjab state, India were estimated. Water fluoride concentration was highest in Bathinda district (mean level 11.66 ppm), followed by Sangrur (mean level 3.13 ppm), Mansa (mean level 3.06 ppm) and Ferozepur (mean level 1.82 ppm). Mean plasma fluoride level in fluorotic water buffaloes was almost double to that observed in healthy control animals. Decline in plasma phosphorus, copper, manganese, molybdenum, cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead, along with non-significant fluctuations in plasma calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, sodium, potassium, arsenic, cobalt, mercury and sulphur were observed. Results of the present study suggested that excess fluoride intake alters the concentration of different macro- and micro-minerals in blood. Further study is required to elucidate the possible mechanism behind this observation and to evaluate the overall effects of these changes on pathogenesis of fluorosis.

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