Progress in understanding of properties of materials at high pressures in many respects is connected to diamond anvils technique. We developed and investigated a technique of megabar range pressure valuation, applicable in the opaque high pressure diamond anvil cell (DAC) with anvils of the "rounded cone-plane" (Verechagin-Yakovlev) type made of synthetic carbonado-type diamonds, consisting of dielectric grains of synthetic diamonds in layers of conducting materials. These anvils are good conductors, permitting measurement of the electrical properties of samples placed between the anvils in the DAC by using the anvils as the electrical contacts to the sample. We for the first time have applied this technique to research of formation of new states in metals and metals alloys. As structurally sensitive parameters we use a thermo electromotive force (TEMF). At compression of a metal sample in anvils, there are severe plastic deformations. These deformations conduct to change of a microstructure of a material. Therefore, at measurement a TEMF directly it is possible to study dynamics of changes occurring in a sample during deformation. It is possible to study dependence of structure on size of deformation and on time. These techniques represent not only scientific interest, but also can be interesting for technology.
We report the results of an investigation of the TEMF of nanostructured materials (zirconium dioxide, Ti-alloys) directly during severe plastic deformations in DAC (pressure range between 15 and 50 GPa and room temperature). This work was supported in part by grant BRHE EK-005-X1 (Ural research educational center "Advanced materials").

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