Bioceramics fulfil an unique function as biomedical materials. The development of biomaterials and manufacturing techniques has broadened the diversity of applications within the human body. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is chemically similar to the mineral component of bones and hard tissues in mammals. It is one of few materials that are classed as bioactive, meaning that it will support bone ingrowth and osseointegration when used in orthopaedic, dental and maxillofacial applications. Coatings of hydroxyapatite are often applied to metallic implants (most commonly titanium/titanium alloys and stainless steels) to alter the surface properties. Hydroxyapatite may be employed in forms such as powders, porous blocks and hybrid composites to fill bone defects or voids. These may arise when large sections of bone have had to be removed (e.g. bone cancers) or when bone augmentations are required (e.g maxillofacial reconstructions or dental applications).

In this work, hydroxyapatite were successfully produced by using recycled eggshell, seashell and phosphoric acid. The observed phases on the powder synthesis process were dependent on the mixing ratio (wt.%) of the calcined eggshell and phosphoric acid, and the calcination temperature. Elaboration processes of the HAP has been developed and compared of the HAPs from different raw materials.The structures of the HAP were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron micropscopy. Samples were pressed from the HAP powder, and the three and four point beinding strengt was determined.

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