Studies on urethane magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) microstructure in respect to their magnetic and mechanical properties are reported. MREs were obtained from a mixture of polyurethane gel and carbonyl-iron particles cured in a magnetic field of 100 and 300 mT. The amount of particles was varied from 1.5 to 33 vol. %. Samples with different particles arrangement were produced. Effect of the amount of ferromagnetic particles and their arrangement on microstructure and properties in relation to the external magnetic field was investigated. The microstructure was studied using scanning electron and light microscopes. Magnetic properties were measured using VSM. Rheological and mechanical properties under compressive loads were also examined.

It was found that the microstructure of the MRE depends on the amount of ferrous particles and manufacturing conditions. The orientation of the iron particles into aligned chains is possible for lower volume content of the ferromagnetic fillers. High carbonyl-iron volume content in the matrix leads to the formation of more complex three-dimensional lattices. Also the magnetic measurements confirmed the existence of the microstructure anisotropy for the lower volume content of the iron particles. The structural and magnetic anisotropy has not been found in the MREs with 33 vol. % of particles. To evaluate the effect of the external magnetic field on the magnetorheological properties compressive strength, storage and loss modulus as well as loss angle were measured. The experiments showed that both, the particles content and the field strength used during curing, have significant effect on the magnetorheological elastomers microstructure and consequently, on their properties.

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