Viruses belong to the organisms that have features of objects of the animate and inanimate nature. To have the ability to self-collecting, adhesion to various surfaces and, showing unique optical properties, viruses became interesting object of researches not only in the field of biology, but also in physics and chemistry. Recently, due to the small size of viruses (10-100 nanometers), the special attention is focused on their application as components of nano-electronic and nano-optical devices. However, at the same time the important problem is the research of atomic-molecular structure of viruses, its influences on physical properties of viruses.

The purpose of this work was the research of the structure of virus of tobacco mosaic using ultrahigh vacuum atomic-force microscopy. During the experiment the technique of preparation of virus preparation for research in high vacuum conditions (~ 10^-8 Pa) has been developed. Pictures have been received with the use of ultrahigh vacuum atomic-force microscopy JSPM-4610of firm " Jeol " with resolution 1 Å in a contactless mode of shooting. It is established, that in conditions of high vacuum there is a formation of the ordered structures of virus of tobacco mosaic on surface Si (111). Interaction of virus particles with the surface Si (111) is accompanied by change virion conformation (FIG 1).

The received results have shown an opportunity of application of technique ultrahigh vacuum atomic-force microscopy for research of biological objects and have opened a potential opportunity for carrying out the researches of interaction of wild and mutant types of viruses with the surfaces of various materials and influences of such interactions on properties of the given materials.

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