Semiconductor nanocrystals (NC) are intensively investigated as perspective materials in the field of laser technique, an optoelectronics, biology and medicine. Ensembles of semiconductor NC on substrate specially isolated from each other show an integrated size effect of energies quantization of the ground and the excited states of everyone NC separately, that is why they have interest in connection with an opportunity of making a new class of multifunctional materials for nano- and microelectronics.

In the present work nanocrystals PbS, CdS and ZnO the given size (2-10 nm) with a small dispersion in the sizes < 15 % has been grown up from water solutions by a method of the colloid synthesis and put on previously synthesized nanotemplates (the colloid particles SiO₂). The X-ray diffraction analysis has shown formation of NC PbS, CdS with a cubic structure and NC ZnO with wurtzite structure. The monodisperse silica nanoparticles of the spherical shape have been synthesized by the modified Stober method (diameter 120 and 350 nm with dispersion in the sizes <10 %) and functionalized by organic molecules for maintenance of binding semiconductor NC on a nanotemplate surface (formation SiO₂/PbS, SiO₂/CdS, SiO₂/ZnO core-shell heteronanoparticles).

The technology of obtaining SiO₂/NC core-shell heteronanoparticles allows to control amount, diameter NC and their ordering on the spherical silica surface. Optical properties of received NC ensembles have been investigated, quantum confinement effects in absorption spectra of nanocrystals PbS, CdS and ZnO ensembles have been shown. The optical band gap energy for each type of NC has been calculated from exciton peaks. It has been shown, that nanotemplate from the colloid silica particles does not influence on optical properties of obtained NC ensembles.

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