Recently considerable efforts have been taken by many researches in order to obtain a new category of high-performance polymeric materials called molecular composites. Molecular composites consist of two polymeric components with dissimilar characteristic: a stiff and strong rigid rod polymer dispersed at the molecular scale in a matrix of flexible polymer. The molecular composites were prepared from iPP and liquid crystalline oligoester (LCO). The results of the nanostructure, thermal and mechanical properties investigations of liquid crystal oligoester and molecular composite in non thermal conditions are presented. The main interest is focused on the formation and changes of the nanostructure during dynamic melting and crystallisation process. The new type of molecular nanocomposite obtained from liquid crystal oligoester and polypropylene is of particular importance for material science. The nanostructure was characterised by the degree of crystallinity, the value of repeated distance (long period), crystalline lamellar thickness. These data were obtained by analysing the correlation functions. The SAXS and WAXD investigations were carried out by means synchrotron beamline of the EMBL in Hasylab of the DESY in Hamburg at wavelength of 0.15 nm.

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