Time resolved SAXS and WAXD studies on nanostructure of selected
polymer materials

Jaroslaw Janicki

[email protected]

University of Bielsko-Bial/a, Institute of Textile Engineering and
Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Bial/a, Poland


The results of the nanostructure investigations of selected polymers
in non-isothermal conditions are presented. The main interest is
focused on the formation and changes of the supermolecular structure
during dynamic melting and crystallisation processes. The wide group
of polymers including polyethylene, homogeneous ethylene copolymers,
isotactic polypropylene (iPP), liquid crystal oligoester (LCO) and
LCO-iPP blends were taken as the material for investigation.
These were chosen in view of the fact that both homogenous
ethylene-l-alkene copolymers as well as liquid crystal oligoester are
new polymers of great significance for industrial practice. The new
type of polymer obtained from liquid crystal oligoester and isotactic
polypropylene is of particular importance for materials science; this
is one of the first such materials obtained from a thermoplastic
polymer and a liquid crystal polymer with a low melting temperature,
which enables it to be processed from a melt while exploiting the
unique properties of the liquid crystal state.
The research carried out shows that the nanostructure of the polymers
investigated is complex and depends on thermal conditions. This in
turn means that both the qualitative and especially the quantitative
description of the nanostructure require using of complementary
research methods. The methodology, which is of particular significance
in this respect, is that which combines small-angle X-ray scattering
(SAXS) with wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC). Real-time dynamic SAXS and WAXD
measurements were performed using synchrotron radiation with very high
beam intensity and very fast position sensitive detectors. This meant
that distributions of intensity of radiation scattered over both angle
ranges could be simultaneously recorded at very short time (for each
sample 156 SAXS and WAXD curves were recorded).
The presented results confirmed the strong relationship between
polymer chain conformations, nanostructure and physical properties of
a wide range of polymers. This is of particular significance when
technological processes are modelled in order to obtain polymers with
the required functional properties.

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