Nowadays demographic and social trends have a significant impact on the workforce. For the first time in history, four generations work side-by-side in many workplaces. There are baby boomers, generation X, generation Y and generation C. Additionally, baby boomers generation (nowadays people aged 50+) had retired or plan to retire soon. It changes structure of workers and, consequently, could influence the changes in productivity of the ageing economies. On the other hand, productivity of the young generations (C and Y) is still lower than older generations, especially generation X. Human capital, and in particular one of its dimension - competencies, is of the key driving factors of productivity growth. In this context the assessment of the differences between competencies of generations, taking into account their demographic and socio-economic characteristics, is necessary.

The aim of this paper is the assessment of the level and structure of workers’ competencies across generations in Poland. Additionally, the relation between competencies and productivity of generations is estimating.

The empirical analysis is based on the Study of Human Capital data. In statistical analysis the one-way and two-way analysis of variance, as well as regression models, were used. Results show that generally the younger generations the higher the assessment of competencies. But age is not the only more important determinant of human capital in this dimension. When we compare competencies including information about level of education or status in the workplace, differences between generations are smaller. The list of competencies which are related with productivity is different across generations.

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