Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bioceramics composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in various ratios show a significant benefits compared to others calcium phosphate (CaP) materials, i.e., the ability to control the balance between the bioactivity and solubility in the living body, which guarantees the stability of bioceramics during the bone ingrown process. Incorporation of ions into the structure of CaP is important for the control of characteristics, the increase in bioactivity of material, and ion delivery able to act on bone diseases etc. It has been demonstrated that the incorporation of Mg sensibly affects apatite crystallization and its thermal stability, promoting the formation of β-TCP and thus forming BCP.

The aim of this work is to characterize Mg-substituted BCP prepared through modified wet chemical precipitation of Ca(OH)₂/Mg(OH)₂ and H₃PO₄, using different approaches: A - control of phase ratio of HAp/β-TCP by changing concentration of Mg into synthesis products; B - control of phase ratio of HAp/β-TCP by altering the synthesis technological parameters. Thermal stability, phase and chemical composition, and morphology of obtained products were evaluated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS).

FE-SEM/EDS mapping indicated that Mg was uniformly spread out in the CaP products. As evidenced by DTA and XRD the amount β-TCP phase is dependent on the Mg substitution level and Mg found to stabilize the β-TCP phase while sintering at higher temperatures.

It is possible to obtain Mg-substituted biphasic calcium phosphates with various and reproducible phase and chemical compositions by wet chemical precipitation method by precise control of composition of starting materials as well as synthesis technological parameters.

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