In clinical practice different bone substitute biomaterials are used for maxillary sinus floor augmentation. Due to biocompatibility with living body and bioactivityhydroxyapatite (HAP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and biphasic ceramic (HAP/TCP) are frequently used and are the most promising due to the particular biodegradation.  Datain the literature of tissueresponses to the bioceramic materials are different and sometimes controversial.The aim of our study was to evaluate bone and soft tissue response in animal experiments.

CaP powders used for bone substitutes preparation was synthesized by wet precipitation reaction between calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. The green bodies – granules in size range from 0.5 to 1 mm were formed and sintered to obtain HAP, TCP or HAP/TCP ceramics.

Intraosal implantation of bioceramic granules was performed in rabbit jaw. Bone and soft tissue with biomaterial was obtained after three months. Tissues were proceeded for the detection of growth factors – bone morphogenic protein (BMP2/4) and transforming growth factor (TGFβ), proinflammatory cytokines and using TUNEL method – apoptosis.

Results demonstrated most pronouncedproinflammatory cytokines expression after implantation of TCP bioceramic. Results after biphasic ceramic implantation showed less cell apoptosis.

Conclusions. Ourresults demonstrated higher biocompatibility for biphasic bioceramic HAP/TCP (60/40) compared with HAP and TCP.

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