Naturally fluoride occurs in low concentration of food or water. It's about one hundred years that dental fluorosis has been known. Major source of exposure to fluoride are food so the content of it in drinking water is significant.The current study has been done to evaluate the fluoride level in Urban water distribution network Sari & Noshahr & Tonekabon and Ramsar cities. Then the results compared with to universal, national ,climatic conditions standards.This descriptive study is sectional, according to the number of water sources and by urban water and wastewater department consultation sampling was done according to the standards in September and October of 2011. Then samples have been taken to Applied Geology and Research Center-Karaj and fluoride concentration has been measured through 9056A EPA method. The medium of maximum temperature in different seasons has been obtained from Mazandaran Meteorology Organization.The results of the study have shown that the maximum , minimum and mean levels of fluoride in urban water distribution network were 0.49 ,0.20 ppm and 0.29 ± 0.07 in sari , 0.21, 0.00 ppm and 0.13 ± 0.07 in Noshahr, 0.21, 0.06 ppm and 0.12 ± 0.04 in Tonekabon and 0.26, 0.08 ppm and 0.12 ± 0.04 in Ramsar respectively. 100 % of the samples of sari city ,0.11 % of Ramsar city , 0.02 % Tonekabon city and 12% Noshahr city Fluoride concentration were appropriate with Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (SDWR = 0.2 ppm). The Fluoride levels in studied cities were lower than universal standards, national and climatic conditions. It is recommended that adding fluoride to food chain of the studied citizens should be noticed by the relevant authorities.

1. FULLTEXT: Fluoride level in urban water distribution network in Sari & Noshahr & Tonekabon and Ramsar cities in 2011-2012, Microsoft Office Document, 0.3MB
2. PRESENTATION: Fluoride level in urban water distribution network in Sari & Noshahr & Tonekabon and Ramsar cities in 2011-2012, PDF document, version 1.3, 11.1MB
3. PRESENTATION: Fluoride level in urban water distribution network in Sari & Noshahr & Tonekabon and Ramsar cities in 2011-2012, Microsoft Office Document, 13.7MB

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1. Survey of fluoride level in underground water source and urban water distribution network in Qaemshahr city (North of IRAN) from 2006 to 2012