Label-free detection schemes have become very popular for miniaturized sensing platforms as they offer a high possibility for the realization of more convenient bioassay systems, compared to conventional ones, which require labeling with enzymes, fluorescent dyes, etc.  Surface plasmon resonance-based methods have shown their potential as label-free detection schemes as well as promising approaches for the fabrication of miniaturized optical sensors and devices.¹

Conventionally, surface plasmon propagation on continuous thin metal films is exploited, where the surface selectivity arises from the enhancement of electrical fields at these metal surfaces through the formation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The other possibility for plasmonic sensing is based on the generation of non propagating localized surface plasmons on metal nanoparticles.¹ This technique known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) takes advantage of the fascinating optical properties of metal nanoparticles. The use of LSPR-based phenomena for chemical and biological sensing is of special interest, because it allows label-free detection of extremely small concentrations of target molecules.

Currently the focus is on the search of highly sensitive as well as optically and chemically stable LSPR interfaces. One of the commonly used techniques is nanoparticles coating with a dielectric layer. However, for dielectric-coated metallic particles, it is assumed that the LSPR shift exhibits essentially an exponential decay until saturation for dielectric layer thicknesses comparable to the particle size. This represents a major limitation for long range sensing.

In this presentation we will present different strategies for the formation of chemically and optically stable LSPR interfaces.^2-5 Our recent results on the possibility for short and long range for chemical and biological sensing will be discussed.^6,7 Finally, different strategies for linking of functional groups to the LSPR interfaces will be discussed.

References:

[1]  (1)M. E. Stewart, C. R. Anderton, L. B. Thompson, J. Maria, S. K. Gray, J. A. Rogers, R. G. Nuzzo, Chem.  Rev.  108 (2008) 494.

[2]  (2) V. G. Praig, H. A. McIlwee, C. L. Schauer, R. Boukherroub, S. Szunerits, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 9 (2009) 350.

[3]  (3) S. Szunerits, V. G. Praig, M. Manesse, R. Boukherroub, Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 195712.

[4]  (4) V. G. Praig,  G. Piret, M. Manesse, X. Castel, R. Boukherroub, S. Szunerits, Electrochim. Acta. 53 (2008) 7838.

[5]  (5) H. A. McIlwee, V. G. Praig, C. L. Schauer, R. Boukherroub, S. Szunerits, Analyst 133 ( 2008) 673.

[6]  (6)  S. Szunerits, M. R. Das, R. Boukherroub, J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008) 8239.

[7]   (7) E. Galopin, A. Noual, J. Niedziółka-Jönsson , M. Jönsson-Niedziółka, A. Akjouj, Y. Pennec, B. Djafari-Rouhani, R. Boukherroub, S. Szunerits, J. Phys. Chem. C , 2009, in press

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