Carbonaceous particles synthesis method consisting in carbonization of cellulosic materials such as hydrate cellulose, wood chips etc., in the presence of metals of iron group is reported. As the result of pyrolysis and carbonization at the temperatures under 2000 °C of initial materials impregnated previously with iron group metals salts, further grinding of the products of carbonization and metals carbides elimination, carbonaceous particles in the form of hollow onions with outer diameter of 300-500 nm and wall thickness of 20-50 nm were obtained. The onions were characterized by the methods of granulometry, XRD, SEM and TEM. Specific electrical resistance of the nanoparticles obtained at different temperatures and it was found that the resistance of the particles synthesized at above 1500°C has order of 10-3 Ω*cm. The synthesized onions were applied to modify epoxy binder of composites reinforced with glass and carbon high-modulus cloths. It was found that by means of adding of 1-2 weight % of onions it is possible to augment coefficient of elasticity ( up to 30-40%) and ultimate strength (almost double) of the composites.

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