Parallel to inkjet printing [1-3] and bioplotting, Biological Laser Printing (BioLP) using Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) [4] emerges as an alternative method to assembly and micropattern biomaterials and cells. BioLP offers a wide range of advantages vs. inkjet techniques although this later benefits of a deep understanding and wide technological developments since its origin. BioLP specificities concern mainly the absence of clogging and the capacity of printing fluids with a wide range of viscosity. In addition, as an optics-based method, a laser printing device can also be set up for aiming and shotting as well as marking, cutting, exciting, photo-polymerizing or else foaming materials.

In this paper, we present results on high-throughput laser printing of different human cell lines (EAHy926 and MG63) and biomaterials (nano-sized HA synthesized by wet precipitation) giving an interest for 3D bone-like tissue building. First, a rapid prototyping workstation equipped with an infra-red pulsed laser (τ=30 ns,λ=1064nm, f=1-100kHz), galvanometric mirrors (scanning speed up to 500mm/s) and micrometric x-y-z translation stages has been set up. Droplets size (20 to 100 µm) has been controlled by monitoring laser fluence and focalisation conditions. Droplets of 70µm in diameter containing around 5-7 living cells per droplet has been obtained minimizing the dead volume of hydrogel around cells. In addition to cell transfer, we demonstrate the BioLP potential for creating well defined nano-sized HA patterns. Finally, in addition to these single- element printings, first multicolor laser printings of above-mentioned elements are presented.

1. RE Saunders et al. Biomaterials. 2008 Jan;29(2):193-203

2. EA Roth et al. Biomaterials. 2004 Aug;25(17):3707-15.

3. M. Nakamura et al. Tissue Eng. 2005 Nov-Dec;11(11-12):1658-66.

4. M. Colina et al. Biosens Bioelectron. 2005 Feb 15;20(8):1638-42.

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