Introduction: The success rate of a corneal transplantation is high compared to other forms of tissue transplantation, but many complications still occur. Also, an absolute shortage of donor corneas has been an important problem in many countries. Artificial corneas have been studied as alternatives in order to overcome these problems. Acellular cornea scafforld seems to natural cornea same structure without host cells and antigen molecules. Therefore, acellular cornea scaffold was expected to infiltrate the donor cells into the scaffold and regenerate the tissues.  We made acellular cornea scaffold using ultra-high pressure (UHP) method without detergents. Our objective of this study is to investigate the structual difference of acellular corneas between UHP method and current methods.  Materials and Methods:Decellularization of corneas: The corneas were pressurized at 4,000 or 10,000 atm at 10 or 30˚C for 10 min using a high-pressure machine, washed by continuous shaking in an EGM-2 medium containing DNase I (0.2 mg/ml), antibiotics and 3.5 % w/v dextran at 37˚C under 5% CO2, 95% air for 72 hours. Ultrastructure of decellularization corneas: After decellularization, each cornea was fixed with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetraoxide. After fixation, tissues were enbedded with epoxy resin. 80nm thickness sections were obtained. Cutting sections were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Results and Discussion: Ultrastructual properties of decellularized corneas made by UHP method were resembled with natural cornea. Collagen bundles were observed by TEM. In addition, there were no host cells in the UHP decellurized corea. On the other hand, microstructual properties of SDS decellularized corneas were far from natural cornea. No collagen bundles were in it. The results indicated that UHP decellurized cornea might be had a potential ability for the scaffold to regenerate cornea tissue. The results of  6 month  implantation will be presented.    

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