Transition alumina are largely used as catalyst supports in refining and petrochemicals. However, titanium dioxide TiO₂, was shown to display higher catalytic activity as a support of MoS₂ in desulphurization process. The low surface area generally obtained for these materials and the relatively poor thermal stability observed restrain their use. Therefore, the synthesis of smaller particles (10-100 nm) and the preservation of their size during thermal treatment should enhance catalytic performances. Indeed, these properties strongly depend on the surface properties of the support, which are closely related to the structure, the size and the shape of particles.

Previous studies have shown that it was possible to synthesize nanoparticles of TiO₂ (anatase, brookite and rutile) with controlled size and morphology. In the present work, the synthesis parameters have been tuned in order to mainly obtained pure phases and to increase the synthesis volume (for a possible industrial application). For each pure polymorph, several morphologies in nanometric scale have been synthesized. The thermal stability of these particles, depending of their structure, size and shape, and specific adsorption of ions was studied. We show that the evolution of nanoparticles size and the temperature of phase transition depend not only on the initial structure, but also on the morphology and the nature of adsorbed species. Crystal growth mechanisms were investigated through TDA/TGA, XRD, and HRTEM. Finally, we expect that this study will provide a promising titanium oxide catalyst supports.

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