In a large variety of opto-electronic devices including solar cells, displays, and OLEDs the transparent contact is becoming an increasingly important part of the devices with many critical parameters beyond transparency and conductivity are important including deposition temperature, work function, smoothness and processibility.  We will discuss recent results on some recently emerging TCOs that are beginning to be investigated for PV and related applications.  This includes  amorphous InZnO a low temperature TCO  deposited by DC magnetron sputtering with excellent thermal stability, smoothness and processibility.  Conductivities as high as 5000 S/cm have been reported for films and recent results indicate it may be chemically more stable in use in CIS cells than conventional materials.  We also investigate Ga doped ZnO which has shown conductivities to 10,000 S/cm by PLD but these have not easily been replicated by sputtering.  The material has shown excellent results in OLEDs in place of InSnO.  ZnO is also a key element in hybrid OPV devices.  We will report on the use of sub-monolayer and monolayer TiO₂ to significantly improve the interfacial properties of ZnO/P3HT solar cell devices and Mg substitution to significantly improve the Voc.  Finally we discuss the potential of Nb:TiO2 as a novel new TCO material with a much higher refractive index than conventional TCO materials.

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1. Oxide acceptor layers with doping gradients as electron acceptors in polymer/oxide bilayer photovoltaic devices.