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Electrodeposited ZnO / tetrasulfophthalocyanatonickel (TSPcNi) films: an inorganic / organic hybrid system with infinitely variable composition

Cathrin Boeckler ,  Armin Feldhoff ,  Torsten Oekermann 

Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Callinstrasse 3-3A, Hannover 30167, Germany

Abstract

Electrodeposition is a low-cost and convenient method for the preparation of inorganic / organic hybrid materials for optoelectronic applications such as dye-sensitized solar cells in which high efficiencies were recently achieved with electrodeposited nanostructured ZnO / dye films. In view of various other optoelectronic applications, the variation of the dye content would be desirable in order to tune properties such as conductivity and photoconductivity of the hybrid material. However, all ZnO / dye hybrid systems investigated so far were based on a ZnO framework, which became instable at higher dye concentrations. We now found that electrodeposited ZnO / TSPcNi hybrid films represent a system which can be infinitely varied in its ZnO and dye contents. With increasing dye concentration in the deposition bath, a transition from films based on crystalline ZnO, which appear green due to the presence of TSPcNi momomers, over blue films with dye dimers or aggregates to deep blue films based on an amorphous dye framework is observed. Independent from the composition, all films are highly transparent. Structural changes were analysed by means of XRD, SEM and TEM coupled with SAED. The electrical and photoelectrical properties are dominated by the respective framework of each film. Consequently, films with a balanced composition show the lowest conductivity, while their photoconductivity is the highest, indicating that both phases take part in the photogeneration of charge carriers and/or transport of photogenerated charge carriers.

 

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Related papers

Presentation: Poster at E-MRS Fall Meeting 2007, Symposium B, by Cathrin Boeckler
See On-line Journal of E-MRS Fall Meeting 2007

Submitted: 2007-05-10 10:39
Revised:   2009-06-07 00:44