Spin electronics (or spintronics), at the interface between magnetism and electronics, is a field of research in considerable expansion. The basic concept of spin electronics is the control of spin currents in nanostructures, and this concept has already been exploited for the giant magnetoresistance of the multilayers and in magnetic tunnel junctions. I will review the most recent developments, with a particular focus on the reversal of magnetic moments by spin transfer from a spin-polarized current and spintronics in semiconductor-based heterostructures. I will also discuss the potential of these developments for applications and the general perspective for the exploitation of the spin degree of freedom in electronic devices.

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