Clays and other layered ion-exchangers find a range of applications. Some uses, for example as re-enforcers in clay-polymer composites, depend heavily on the physical nature (integrity) of the sheets whereas others, for example intragallery catalysis, depend much more on the nature of the charge-balancing ions.

Layered double hydroxides (so-called anionic clays) are currently of considerable interest for the considerable potential they have for providing tuned functionality. Their original applications as anion exchangers and in base catalysis have now been extended to slow release vehicles for drugs and pesticides, flame retardants, scavengers in polymers, nanocomposites, as well as environmental used in toxic waster management and SOx emission control.

A further group of anion exchangers is also seen as offering advantages – this group is the layered basic hydroxides (or layered basic salts). These currently have received less attention but offer some advantages. Certainly they present interesting physical and chemical properties worthy of study. This lecture will highlight the similarities and differences amongst these different layered materials.

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