Recently, films with three-dimensionally ordered meso- and nanoporous structures have been extensively studied due to their wide applications in catalysis, separations and optics. These materials can be made by using self-assembling systems (e.g. surfactants, biological systems and so on). A relatively new field that benefits from porous materials is the field of photonic crystals (PCs) - dielectric composites with a highly periodic structure in which the dielectric constant varies on the scale of visible light wavelength. PCs were predicted to exhibit a photonic bandgap (PBG), for which light within a certain frequency range cannot propagate in any direction inside the crystals, causing the unique properties of PCs, such as localization of light and control of spontaneous emission. The last effect is of great importance for fabrication of low-threshold lasers and can be observed in PCs with luminescent centres.

The aim of the present work was to synthesize PC films infiltrated with organic complexes of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺. Three types of PCs were used as hosts for luminescent centers: ordered films of polystyrene microspheres and inverse PCs based on silica and titania. In each case the position of PBG was accurately fitted to the wavelengths of visible lines of Eu³⁺ or Tb³⁺ photoluminescence by proper choice of PC lattice period. High spatial anisotropy of photoluminescence was observed by spatially- and spectrally-resolved laser spectroscopic measurement.

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