- Pressure: definitions, sorts, interpretations.
- Types of primary pressure standards, some history of problem.
- Pressure standards based on dead-weight manometer (pressure
balances),
definition of the effective area (Aeff).
- Types of pressure balances: constructional principles, metrological
properties, corrections, methods of their calculations, theoretical
and
experimental methods of Aeff determination as a function of pressure.
- Complicated systems of primary pressure standards.
- Actual problem of 3GPa primary pressure standard.
- International, practical pressure scale (fixed pressure points).
- Primary character of dynamic pressure measurements.
- Actual state of pressure standards in the World and Poland.

• Legal notice:
  

  Copyright (c) Pielaszek Research, all rights reserved.
  The above materials, including auxiliary resources, are subject to Publisher's copyright and the Author(s) intellectual rights. Without limiting Author(s) rights under respective Copyright Transfer Agreement, no part of the above documents may be reproduced without the express written permission of Pielaszek Research, the Publisher. Express permission from the Author(s) is required to use the above materials for academic purposes, such as lectures or scientific presentations.
  In every case, proper references including Author(s) name(s) and URL of this webpage: https://science24.com/paper/80 must be provided.

1. Freezing of Viscous Fluids Under High Pressure