The preparation of titania (TiO₂), which owing to its photoactivite properties is a very promised material also for catalysis, was studied. The work was focused on the mutual correlation between individual preparation steps and tailoring of titania nanostructure.

The texture of prepared titania powders (specific surface area, micropore volume, pore-size distribution(PSD)) was evaluated from adsorption-desorption nitrogen isotherms by application of determined titania standard (master) isotherm. Another textural information was obtained via high-pressure mercury porosimtry, helium pycnometry, SEM images and XRD phase analysis.Three different preparation routes of nanoporous titania powder were chosen: a) surfactant-mediated sol-gel synthesis controlled in inverse and lamellar configuration [1],

b) reaction of liquid metal alkoxide with H₂O₂ [2],

c) acid hydrolysis of titanium(IV) chloride [3].

In all cases the correlations between the change of reaction conditions (e.g. different length of a polar chain in the surfactant molecule, different types of metal alkoxides, different extent of hydrolysis, replacement of organic solvent in micellar system, different molar ratio of water/alkoxide and water/surfactant, different reaction temperature, changes of calcination temperature and calcination time) and position and width of TiO₂ PSD were found.

[1] P. Kluson, P. Kacer, T. Cajthaml, M. Kalaji, J. Mater. Chem. 11 (2001) 644-651

[2] Zhong-chun Wang, Jie-feng Chen, Xing-fang Hu, Matter. Letters 43 (2000) 87-90

[3] D.-S. Lee, T.-K. Liu, J. Sol-Gel Science and Technology 25 (2002) 121-136

Acknowledgement

Authors appreciate the financial support of the Czech Republic Grant Agency (Grant No.104/04/0963 and Doctoral Grant No.203/03/H140).

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