Replacing common molecular organic solvent by room temperature ionic liquids is a topic of great interest in term of eco-chemistry in both academia and industry. Their neglictible vapor pressure, their large liquid range and their tunable physical properties make them very interesting in many chemical reactions. During the last decade, their different applications have followed an exponential curve in various domains of chemistry such as electrochemistry, extraction or organic chemistry.

Thus, the huge number of expected possible ionic liquids (10¹⁸) together with their tunable remarkable physical-chemical properties confer on them a high potential for the R&D, opening widely new opportunities for the chemistry science, whatever the topic. However, the lack of thermodynamics data, their toxicity and their preparation prevent their widespread useThe synthesis of ionic liquids has been widely visited and revisited and the necessary reaction time has dramatically been decreased from a few days to a few hours, notably by the emergence of non-conventional activation methods such as microwave and ultrasound irradiations. Even so, almost all published methods deal with a two-step synthesis including the synthesis of the halogenated precursor ionic liquid followed by the metathesis of the anion leading to a second generation ionic liquid with even more remarkable physical chemical properties.

We present here the preliminary results of the first one-pot synthesis assisted by ultrasonic irradiation to access to a large variety of ionic moieties incorporating different cations and anions. Ultrasound can, on one hand enhance radical pathways through chemical effects and on the second hand enhance heterogeneous systems through physical effects such as mass transport, reduction of particles size and micro-emulsion. As the formation of ionic liquids occurs through an ionic pathway, chemical effects are not looked for but on the contrary, physical effects are favoured to overcome the heterogeneity of the systems and also overcome the relatively high and natural viscosity of ionic liquids.

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1. Effect of ultrasound on hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate. A kinetic anomaly associated with the use of titanium horns.