The Institute of Precision Mechanics developed CarboTermoFluid^® technology for producing graphene on the grains of powder which is called Graphene 3D^IMP. This technology can produce graphene on powders of metals and non-metals of different geometry and size of powder grains. Graphene formed on the copper powders can be used to manufacture: electrical contacts with high thermal and electrical conductivities, transmission cables, heat exchangers, radiators, bearings, lubricants, and pastes. Identification of the formed graphene 3D^IMP was performed by using Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Image of Cu grain coated with graphene 3D^IMP and Raman spectrum of graphene are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively.

In parallel, in the Institute of Precision Mechanics are manufactured metal/graphene nanocomposite layers by chemical and electrochemical reductions. The nanocomposite layers of Ni-P/graphene, Ni/graphene, Cu/graphene are characterized by nanocrystalline and compact structures as well as good adhesion to the substrate. The structure and properties of the metal/graphene nanocomposite layers were investigated by: scanning electron microscopy, EDS analysis, optical microscopy and the measurement of HV microhardness.  Inclusion of graphene into a metal matrix significantly improved thermal and electrical conductivities as well as mechanical properties of such layers. SEM images of graphene flakes and of layer surface of Ni-P/graphene composite are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, respectively.

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1. Dependence of microhardness on annealing time of amorphous Al-Mm-Ni-(Fe,Co) alloys