We report on the preparation of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) nano- and microtubes, and on the tailoring of their wall morphology. Tubular nano- and microstructures have attracted increasing interest since they may act as a pipeline for electromagnetic waves and matter. Their intrinsically anisotropic nature allows their integration into complex architectures. Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is considered as one of the most interesting inorganic oxides because of its outstanding features, for instance, its unique, photorefractive, piezo-electric, electro-optical and non-linear properties, as well as its pronounced mechanical and chemical stability and wide transparency range. Therefore, it is a challenging task to combine the functionality of LiNbO3 with the advantages of a tubular geometry. It is, however, particularly important to control the generation of the internal morphology of the tube walls because not only mechanical, but also electronic and optical properties of crystalline materials depend largely on the crystallite size. Wetting ordered porous templates with precursor solutions with subsequent thermolysis yields polycrystalline LiNbO3 tubes with uniform length and diameter. Their diameters are determined by the ones of the template pores and range from few tens of nm up to one micron, whereas their length amounts up to 100 microns. LiNbO3 tubes may be building blocks for a multitude of micro- and nanoelectronic devices, for instance, ferroelectric nonvolatile memories and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).

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