Hydrophilic polycations can be potentially useful for systemic gene delivery since their ability to form polyplexes with nucleic acids. α, β-poly(asparthylhydrazide) (PAHy), a water soluble synthetic macromolecule, was functionalized by using EDCI chemistry with 3-(carboxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CPTA) obtaining PAHy-CPTA copolymers. The derivatization degree (DD% mol/mol) of polycationic derivatives were detected by 1H-NMR and their main physico-chemical properties by SEC analysis. Previous chemical reactivity studies of naked PAHy evidenced the influence of condition reactions on molecular weight and degree of derivatization (DD% mol/mol) of obtained polycations. The capability of four different PAHy-CPTA derivatives (DD % mol/mol ranging from 18 to 58 % mol/mol) to complex plasmid DNA coding for luciferase and to transfect tumor cells at different plasmid to polycation ratios were performed using as positive control PEI polyplexes. In vitro transfection results evidenced that PAHy-CPTA copolymers having 48 and 58 % mol/mol show a high efficiency of transfection at DNA/polycation weight ratios 4.

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