Three types of composite implant materials are investigated. Their mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, and the dynamics of bond strength between the biocomposites and a live rabbit bone tissue are determined in 2, 4, 10, and 25 weeks. The stress-strain state of reconstruction system bone-implant was determined by the finite element method.

            The first type of the biomaterials is based on silicate glass (SG) and the synthetic (HAp) hydroxyapatite. The second type of the biomaterials was made of on SG and the natural (NHAp) hydroxyapatite. The third type of the biomaterials was made of on ultrahigh-molecular polyethylene (UHMPE) and the NHAp.

Also in the present study, a procedure is described for obtaining NHAp and HAp, as well as composite materials based on them, namely SG-NHAp, SG-HAp, and UHMPE-NHAp. The structure of bone tissue before and after deproteinization and the structure of composite materials based on UHMPE and NHAp (with different percentage) were investigated by the method of scanning electron microscopy. Some mechanical characteristics of SG-NHAp, SG-HAp, and UHMPE-NHAp biocomposite materials and the bond strength between a live bone tissue of rabbits and SG(60)-HAp(40), SG(60)-NHAp(40), UHMPE(70)-NHAp(30), and UHMPE(50)-NHAp(50) composites were determined.

The NHAp, to prepare composite materials, was obtained from the bone tissue of catle. The results of experiment, performed by the method of infrared spectroscopy, show that the protein was removed from the heat-treated specimens of bone tissue practically completely.

            All the specimens implanted were punched out from the bone tissue in 2, 4, 10, and 25 weeks after implantation. The data of experiments show that the bond strength between the UHMPE(50)-NHAp(50), SG(60)-HAp(40) and SG(60)-NHAp(40) composite biomaterials and the surface of the cortical bone increases considerably in four weeks after the implantation, and reaches almost its maximum in 10 weeks.

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1. Methods of hydroxyaptite preparation from catle bone tissue in order to create artificial biomaterials for bone tissue replacement.