The importance of charge density in electrospinning can be demonstrated by its presence in all mathematical models of the process either as charge density or as quantities derived from it.  A good understanding of the effects of charge density on the electrospinning process is vital in diagnosing problems with new polymer-solvent systems, aiding development of specified nanofibres for industry and ensuring mathematical models are accurate.  Using two different experimental approaches to increasing the charge density the effects on the Taylor cone and hence the mass deposition rate and initial jet diameter were examined.  It was found that an increase in charge density results in a decrease in the mass deposition rate and initial jet diameter.  A theory is proposed for this behaviour in that an increase in charge density leads to the tip of the Taylor cone forming a smaller radius of curvature resulting in the concentration of electric stresses at the tip.  This leads to the electrostatic forces drawing the initial jet from a smaller effective area or “virtual orifice”. 

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