Ni-Ti-Nb shape memory alloy wires can induce more recovery stress than Ni-Ti alloy wires.  This study used the prestrained Ni-Ti-Nb SMA wires to confine concrete cylinders.  At first, several tests to measure the recovery stress were conducted with varying the maximal strain of the wires.  Then, the concrete cylinder of 150 mm and 300 mm (diameter and length) were wrapped by the prestrained wires.  The unconfined concrete cylinders were tested and their results were compared to those of the confined cylinders with the SMA wires.  Also, the performance of the Ni-Ti-Nb wires compared to that of the Ni-Ti wires from a previous study.  The Ni-Ti-Nb SMA wires increased the compressive strength and the ductility of the cylinders due to the confining effect.  Also, the wires were more effective to increase the ultimate strength of the cylinders than the conventional Ni-Ti wires.  The study showed the potential of the proposed method to retrofit reinforced concrete columns using SMA wires to protect themselves from an earthquake. 

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1. Confining Concrete Cylinders using Martensite Shape Memory Alloy wires
2. Bendging test of an SMA bar and its seismic applications
3. An Isolation Bearing for Railway Bridges using Shape Memory Alloy Bars