Catalytic converters are essential for controlling harmful vehicle exhaust emissions, and are an integral part of most vehicles sold in Europe and America. Diesel vehicles provide a specific challenge due to the very lean nature of diesel exhaust. Ever tightening diesel emissions legislation will necessitate a blend of advances in engine design, electronic vehicle control systems, and catalytic devices.

In this lecture methods for tackling diesel (and lean burn) vehicle exhaust emissions using catalytic devices in production today will be presented, as well as some advances in the industry, and future requirements and challenges for tomorrow’s catalysts.

The lecture will begin by addressing the systems level, where different catalytic devices are combined to give the required emissions control performance, e.g. the Continuously Regenerating Trap (CRT®), or a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) plus selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst.

The next level of system design is to combine the catalyst and the filter function into one device, e.g. catalysed DPF (CDPF), resulting in a multi-functional catalyst; considerable space and cost savings are achievable, combined with excellent emissions control performance. Further recent developments in multifunctional emissions control catalyst design have looked at layering the individual catalysts; Isuzu’s lean NO_x catalyst, and Honda’s NO_x trap/SCR system will be shown.

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