Electrochemical DNA biosensors have found their permanent place among chemical sensors. The aim of this work is a development of simple (single-use) electrochemical sensors based on chemical interactions of the surface bound double stranded (ds) DNA. Carbon paste based screen-printed electrodes have been modified with the DNA layer and applied to the determination of various chemicals such as drugs and pollutants that bind to DNA, the detection of species leading to degradation of DNA and the investigation of antioxidants that prevent DNA towards its oxidative damage.
Binding of biologically active quinazoline derivatives to DNA was investigated and a procedure for their determination was described. Significant association of derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with DNA was observed and used for their analytical determination. The results were compared with those obtained at cyclodextrin based sensors. An reversible association of some local anaesthetics based on the chiral derivatives of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acids with DNA was found, particularly in weak acidic and neutral solution where the protonated forms of the drug molecules bind electrostatically to the negatively charged DNA backbone. The method for their differential pulse voltammetric determination has been developed and applied to the analysis in spiked serum.
Simple procedure for the detection of a deep DNA degradation by reactive oxygen species has been developed and used for the estimation of antioxidant activity of yeast polysaccharides, phenolic acids, natural flavonoids and plant extracts. Conventional methods were used for the validation. Experimental conditions can be tuned up according to the concentration level of the active substances to be evaluated. Simple solid DNA biosensors are promising for special purposes, particularly for analysis in small labs and in field.

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1. Nanomaterials at the surface of chemical sensors
2. Nanostructure film modified electrodes for the preparation of DNA biosensors