Reconstitution of donor T-cell repertoire in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) recipient is essential for successful transplantation, but is still poorly understood. Improper T-cell reconstitution is the major cause of morbidity and mortality after HSCT. Delayed or impaired T-cell reconstitution leads to the outbreak of viral infections, while the expansion of host reactive T-cell leads to the development of the graft vs. host disease (GvHD). To determine the factors affecting reconstitution of naive T-cells after HSCT we measured the T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) content on a weekly basis in 24 transplanted patients with different malignant diseases and correlated the results with the development of the graft vs. host disease (GvHD). After BMT, in most patients TRECs became undetectable. All 11 patients who remained TREC negative developed acute GvHD, while only 6 out of 13 patients who recovered TRECs developed GvHD. Obtained results indicate that undetectable TRECs after HSCT, which most likely reflect the expansion of host reactive co-transplanted mature T-cells, are associated with the onset of GvHD.

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1. CD31 as marker for naive T-cell reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation