Daunorubicin (DNR) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used in the treatment of many kind of cancer as for example acute myelogenous leukemias and breast cancers. Unfortunately, its usage, likewise many other anticancer drugs, is restricted by severe side effects, mainly cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and suppression of bone marrow function. These side effects are a big problem in the anticancer therapy and stimulate the search for effective resolutions. There are two strategies for improving the efficacy and cardiac safety of anticancer drugs: 1) the development of new analogs of the drugs and 2) using various drug delivery systems that assist preferential distribution of anthracyclines within tumors while not exposing healthy tissues to potentially toxic levels of the drug. For a few years we have been focusing our attention on the encapsulation of antineoplastic drugs within erythrocytes. To prevent the drug efflux from the erythrocytes and enhance the quantity of the drug in the cells we used glutaraldehyde.

In this study we concentrated on the effect of DNR and glutaraldehyde on the isolated erythrocyte membrane proteins. For this purpose SDS-gel electrophoresis were carried out. Additionally analyses of the disturbances of erythrocytes shape and size, accompanied by the application of flow cytometry and microscopy examination, were undertaken. The amount of DNR linked to the erythrocyte cell membrane was measured by fluorimetric technique.

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1. Induction of apoptosis and necrosis in A549 and HepG2 cells by aclarubicin