Cell-based biosensors are novel bioelectronic portable devices containing living cells.[1] Plant cells have a higly sensitive and selective perception system for detection of bioactive agents.[2] The extracellular alikalinisation rate of plant suspension culture is important for detection phisologycal changes in the micro-enviromental space of cells. Screan printed electrode containing ruthenium dioxide is able to detect of such changes and have been used as the electrochemical transducer. The electrode response dependet upon H⁺ concentration in extra cellular solution.

We show that cells of tobacco and protoplasts of maize attached to the electrode sulface can be used to the detection of flagellin the virulence factor of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and systemin-like peptides from pollen of maize. Such obtained disposable sensor made possible to measure the pH changes in a distance of 10-50 nm from the cell plasma membrane, with good sensitivity and reproducibility. The elaborated cell-based biosensor with tobacco cells can be useful for detection of 10 nM purified flagellin or of crude extract of bacteria.[3] The results demonstrate that this kind of device has potential to monitor changes of living cell for a long term, and to evaluate bioactive components of pathogens. Therefore, the objective of the presented research was to develop a rapid procedure for detection of other bacteria or viruses by developing of this system.

Next work was the direct electrochemical detection bioactive systemin-like peptides from maize pollen. Such peptides interact with specific receptors on protoplast membrane and inactivated H⁺-ATPase. It is possible that short peptides play important function in pollen stigma interaction and particulary in self-incompatible plants. Biosensor containing plants living cells can be very useful tool for detection of self-incompatibility.

1. Pancraccio J.J., Whelan J.P., Borkholder D.A., Ma W., Stanger D.A., Development and application of cell-based biosensors, Ann. Biomed. Eng. 27 (1999) 697-711
2. Stenger D., et in., (2001) Detection of physiologically active compounds using cell-based biosensor, TREND in Biotechnology Vol. 19, No. 8, 304-308
3. Oczkowski T., Zwierkowska E., Bartkowiak S., (2007) Application of cell-based biosensors for the detection of bacterial elicitor flagelin, Bioelectrochemistry 70 (2007) 192-197

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