Experiments conducted in the recent decades provided a lot of valuable information about the influence of fluorides on the cellular respiration and on free radical processes. Free and oxygen radicals which arise in excess prove a wide range of harmful action in organism’s cells. According to this fact, there is a need of conducting examination focused on prevention of negative effects which result from the disturbances of redox equilibrium caused by fluorine.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a diet supplementation with antioxidative vitamins A i E and nonenzymatic antioxidant (lipoic acid) on the biochemical parameters in liver as well as on morphological picture of the organ after the fluorine intoxication.

The study was performed on 24 wistar rats (adult females). The animals were divided into 4 groups. Rats from control group were given distilled water. Rats from the studied groups (1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd) were given NaF in the dose of 10.0 mg /kg body mass/ 24h. Rats from the 2^nd group were given lipolic acid in the dose of 70 mg/kg too. In the 3rd group the animals were given vitamin E in the dose of 3 mg per rat a day, vitamin A in the dose of 250 IU per rat a day and lipoic acid in the dose as before. The experiment lasted for 7 weeks.

Then the rats were intraperitioneally anaesthetized, using thiopental at a dose of 30 mg/rat. Upon dissection the livers were taken for histopathological examination and some fragments of organs for biochemical analyses. 10% of the parts served as homogenates in which the activity of protein metabolism enzymes such as: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamylotranspeptydase (GGTP) in rat liver were determined. Protein concentration and total antioxidative status (TAS) in liver were determined as well. The pathomorphological changes in the organs were assessed with preparations obtained with the normal paraffin method, stained with hematoxilin and eosin (H-E).

The results of examination indicate that fluoride ions interfere in protein metabolism. The slight changes in the activity of protein metabolism enzymes (decreased activity AST, ALT, GGTP) were accompanied by the statistically significant decrease of TAS concentration. The dispersed necrosis or focus of necrosis comprising larger fragments of lobule were observed in a microscopic image of the liver. Besides, the infiltrations from mononuclear cells, erythrorrhagia and hyperemia were also revealed.  

The results show the positive, but not fully effective, influence of lipoic acid on the changes caused by fluoride in rats’ organisms. Total efficacy in preventing changes in regard to liver was achieved by combined applying of vitamins A and E and the above vitamins with lipoic acid. Conducted research indicates the possibility of prevention from effects of exposure to fluorine through antioxidant dietary supplements.

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