Up to now, planar (microcrystalline and nanocrystalline) film electrodes have been the most studied form of diamond electrodes. Even though the electrodes are suitable for many electroanalytical and electrochemical applications, the use of electrode materials with high surface area is very promising for achieving high sensitivity and selectivity. This is can be realized by creating nanostructured diamond electrodes.

 Diamond nanostructured substrates are generally obtained by etching BDD electrodes through various masks such as anodic alumina, SiO₂ ordered arrays, Au nanodots, molybdenum, nanodiamond particles, and other materials.

 Here, we demonstrate that direct reactive ion etching (RIE) using oxygen of BDD and undoped diamond leads to the formation of diamond nanowires (DNWs). By varying the etching parameters, diamond nanowires of different diameters and lengths are obtained. The resulting surfaces are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurements and electrochemical means. The potential of these nanostructured electrode materials for sensing with a high sensitivity is demonstrated in several examples.

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