Mg-vermiculite from Santa Olalla (Spain) has been the object of several studies in the literature, although controversial results still exists on its crystal structure. Traditional Rietveld refinement based on literature data does not lead to satisfactory modeling of the experimental powder diffraction pattern, due to the presence of features which are typical of disordered layered silicates. New results relative to the structure and microstructure have been recently obtained. Powder diffraction data has been refined by means of the DIFFaX+ software, showing the lattice to possess just 2D periodicity instead of a tridimensional one: the structure can be described as a disordered sequence of two different types of layers. Stacking probabilities were refined and the effect of water in the interlayer is evidenced.

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