A variety of pharmaceutical preparations, which are applied in the management of the non-infectious diseases, have shown in vitro some antimicrobial activity. These drugs are called "non-antibiotics". So far, a lot of attention has been focused on phenothiazines, thioxanthenes and other agents with affinities to cellular transport systems. Some authors confirmed that non-antibiotic compounds enhance the in vitro activity of certain antibiotics against specific bacteria, for instance nizatidine and omeprazole enhance the effect of metronidazole on Helicobacter pylori. The search of "non-antibiotics" among drugs, distributed at Polish pharmaceutical market have been performed in Drug Institute for several years. The aim of this study was to detect and characterise the antimicrobial activity of non-antibiotic drugs, recently analysed in National Institute of Public Health. Over 180 of pharmaceutical preparations were randomly chosen from different groups of drugs. The surveillance study was performed on standard ATCC microbial strains used for drug control: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. It was shown that the drugs listed below inhibited growth of at least one of the examined strains: Abutol 200 mg tabl. (acebutolol), Acecor 400 mg tabl. (acebutolol), Amlopres 5 mg, 10 mg tabl. and Normodipine 10 mg tabl. (amlodipine), Cipramil 20 mg tabl. (citalopram), Clodron saure 400 F tabl. (clodronate), Coordinax 1 mg/ml oral susp. (cisapride), Cuprenil 250 mg tabl. (penicillamine), Dilzem ratard 120 mg tabl. (diltiazem), Fenactil 4% solution (chlorpromazine), Fitoprost 150 mg caps. (Serenoae repens fructus extr.), Gastrografin 760 mg /ml (amidotrizoic acid), Ginsepan tabl. (15 mg ginsenosides - Papax ginseng), Metocard 100 mg tabl (metoprolol), PectoDrill 750 mg tabl. (carbocysteine), Perfenil 8 mg tabl. (perphenazine), Phloderm 0,3% ointment (hamamelitanine from Hamamelis sp cortex extr.), Polfenon 300 mg tabl. (propaphenone), Prostamol uno 320 caps. (Sabalis serrulate extractum), Sedalin 35 mg tabl. (acepromazine), Tetryvil 0.05 %, 0.1% nose drops (tetrahydrozoline), Tisercin 100 mg tabl. (levomepromazine), Ulfamid 20 mg tabl. (famotidine) and Velafax 75 mg tabl. (venlafaxine). Staphylococcus aureus was susceptible to over 70% of the drugs listed above. Tetrahydrozoline and amlodipine inhibited growth of S. aureus in concentrations 0.05 and 3 mg/ml, respectively. Other chemical compounds showed activity against this microorganism in concentrations between 5 and 100 mg/ml. Famotidine in concentration 2 mg/ml showed the strongest activity against E. coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to the most of examined chemical substances, except: cisapride, penicillamine and amidotrizoic acid (MICs: 0.05, 62 and 76 mg/ml respectively). C. albicans showed the strongest sensibility to chlorpromazine and diltiazem (MICs: 20 and 26 mg/ml respectively). Amidotrizoic acid showed activity against all examined strains (MIC: 38-76 mg/ml). Interesting activity was showed for natural product extracts. Extracts from Serenoae repens inhibited S. aureus (MIC: 6 mg/ml), extract from Sabalis serrulate inhibited C. albicans (MIC: 13 mg/ml) but extract from Hamamelis sp in concentration 1 mg/ml inhibited growth of three strains: S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The antimicrobial activity of non-antibiotic drugs emphasises a necessity of the neutralisation of their activity during the microbial purity assays of pharmaceutical products.

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